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Graphite™ v8 2D/3D CAD Offers:
- Mid-point line tool
- Updated user interface
- Resizable dialog boxes
- Tear off tool palettes
- Dockable tool palettes
- New icons
- Spacebar pan
- Universal Binary support for the Intel Mac
- Support for File names over 32 characters long
- AutoCAD 2007 DWG/DXF support
- Direct, multi-sheet PDF creation with optional imbedded DXF export
- New installer
- Pen Style Palette
- Eyedropper Tool
- Support for Mac OS X
- 32-bit color interface
- Improved performance
- Support for long file names
- No hardware key
- Right mouse click support
- Spell checker
- Select by line or polygon command
- Define line patterns command
- Nudge, pan and orbit tools
- 32,000 ANSI and DIN built-in symbols with preview panel
- Enhanced translators
- Enhanced copying and pasting between documents
- Object rotation
- Circle center lines
- Auto dimensioning
- Snap options settings
- 234 user-definable colors from a palette of 16.7 millionv
- Support for dual English/metric dimensions
- Improved text object handling
- Selection mask for grouped objects with various colors
Xenon™ and Cobalt v8 3D Modeling Both Offer the Following Advantages over Graphite:
- Photo-rendered model-to-sheet views
- Non-photo-realistic “sketch” rendering for stills and animations (SP1)
- Real-time environment maps in edit window
- Courtesy license to Graphite
- Real-time zebra, normal, curvature & draft check in edit window (SP1)
- Real-time display in 3D of imported scanned hand sketches or other images
- Direct support for imprinting profile sketches onto surfaces and solids to create surface subdivisions
- Advanced control of anti-aliasing for objects, edges, shadows and reflections
- Independent control of reflections and refractions
- Accelerated Phong and Gouraud shading options for fly-by and walk-through animations
- Accelerated Phong and Gouraud shading options for render to file
- Enhanced Shade Now shortcut
- Photo-realistic environment maps for stills and animations
- Photo-realistic sunlight (from location and date/time) for stills and animations
- Photo-realistic florescent lights and area lights for stills and animations
- Photo-realistic material changes displayed in real time in the edit window
- Optionally Include wireframe geometry in photo-realistically rendered stills and animations
- Enhanced select and transform tools that directly move faces and edges in solids without using the specialized local face tools
- Import and export of bitmap images
- Imported bitmaps support alpha channel
- Spherical, Cylindrical and enhanced Polar duplicate tools
- Enhanced Spacemouse-device support (Mac and Windows)
- Multiprocessor photo-realistic rendering and animation on Mac OS X
- Direct, multi-sheet PDF creation with optionally embedded source and exported files
- Optional automatic view scale indicator
- Updated ACIS, STEP, IGES and Catia translators
- Batch convert tool
- AutoCAD 2007 DXF/DWG support
- Updated interface with tear-off and dockable tools and palettes (SP1)
- Layers optionally override pen propertiesv
- User-definable Interface skins
- User-definable texture library locations
- New installer
- Universal Binary support for Intel & Power PC Macs (SP1)
- Compatible with ACIS 16 & Parasolids 12 for import and export
- Model to Sheet View automatically draws scale as text element
- Simplified menus for Text and Dimensions font and size selection
- Enhanced import/export dialog box featuring target and source software by product name
- Support for Mac OS X
- No hardware key
- An integrated 3D design environment of free-form wires, ACIS solid modeling and Class-A NURBs surfaces
- Associative parametrics
- Excellent precision drafting
- Sophisticated shape development tools including splines, ellipses and conics
- Section Views
- Mass properties
- Design Explorer Feature Tree for streamlined model management and conveying design intent
- Bill of materials
- 3D CAM/PRT output
- Support for conics
- Show/hide menu
- More sophisticated spline and ellipse tools
- Dimensioning tool to calculate length along spline or curve
- Adobe Illustrator translator
- Support for QuickTime movies
- Courtesy license to Graphite v7
And Vellum goes beyond the basics to prevent widows, balance page spreads, and avoid short pages — all automatically. You’ll have a book that looks like it took days to create in minutes. Designed for Books. Build Style Preview Generate Update. Import your manuscript. タイトル Vellum bit.ly/2ZbHcAL eVnO-Vellum-version-2.5.4.app ベラムは、テキスト原稿から、またはアプリケーション内で最初から電子書籍を簡単に作成することができます電子ブック生成ツールです。. This change will be released in the next update to Vellum, due in early September, and well before the release of Catalina. We’ll have more details at that time. Update 10/02/19: Mobi output is again available in Vellum 2.6.2.
Cobalt™ v8 3D Modeling Additionally Includes:
- All of the features of Xenon v8
- Nested equations
- Variables allowed in status line and edit object fields
- Real-time section profiles and cutaway views in edit window (SP1)
- Enhanced rib tool
- Conditional equation parametrics
- Relationship- and equation-driven parametrics for more efficient design iteration and greater productivity
- Assembly tools to easily maintain relationships among parts
- Mechanical parts library for greater time savings
- Geometric dimensioning & tolerancing (GD&T)
- Rib and lip design tools
Vellum 3D v4, 98 or 99 Upgrade
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Vellum is one of the oldest surfaces available to artists, and is among the most technically challenging. Used by medieval monks, Albrecht Dürer, and by the UK government to record Acts of Parliament, it continues to inspire contemporary artists, many of whom are finding innovative ways to engage with vellum in their work.
![Vellum Vellum](https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/rolled-up-old-paper-16831631.jpg)
What is vellum?
While the term ‘vellum’ is sometimes used by manufacturers to describe the surface of fine art paper, traditional vellum is a form of parchment, specifically made from calfskin, that is cleaned, stripped of any hairs, and stretched over a frame to dry. Depending on the desired finish, its surface may then be abraded with pumice, and treated with lime or chalk.
Why use vellum?
Although vellum is sensitive to moisture (which causes it to buckle), it is far more resilient than paper to water, fire, and repeated handling, and does not rot, ensuring its longevity over hundreds of years.
Alongside these practical advantages, vellum’s off-white surface allows light to penetrate through translucent watercolour, imbuing the works painted on it with a glowing quality that contributes to its aesthetic appeal.
The history of vellum
Vellum has a long and illustrious history, and was described by the Greek historian Herodotus in the 5th century BC. In the Middle Ages, vellum was used in precious illuminated manuscripts, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels (produced in around 715 to 720 AD), and for important secular records, such as the Doomsday Book of 1086, and the Magna Carta in 1215.
The techniques used by artists in illuminated manuscripts also lent themselves well to portrait miniatures, which first became popular in the court of Elizabeth I, ensuring that vellum played an important role in art history even as paper and the printing press increasingly replaced manuscripts. From around 1700, however, miniaturists began painting on ivory, with vellum used mainly by botanical artists, such as Pierre-Joseph Redouté (1759–1840), a tradition that was revived in the mid-20th century by the remarkable Scottish painter Rory McEwen (1932–1982), whose work has inspired an entire generation of botanical artists.
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Working with vellum today
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Contemporary painter Fiona Strickland is among those taking up the challenge of capturing botanical subjects on vellum, and has spent the past two years creating 18 vellum paintings that will be exhibited at Jonathan Cooper Gallery in London this September, a project that she describes as ‘a labour of love’.
Unlike paper, vellum is non-absorbent, meaning that watercolours sit on its surface, and must be applied using a ‘dry brush’ technique in multiple layers (with the artist waiting for each layer to dry before applying the next). ‘I apply the paint with a very small sable brush, slowly building subtle shifts in tone and colour to describe their form,’ Fiona explains. ‘It may take several hours or days to realise just a few centimetres and it can’t be rushed. It takes such tenacity and demands the utmost respect for the finest of artist’s materials.’ This painstaking process means that the largest of her works took over 400 hours to complete, yet the result is a glorious depth of colour that perfectly captures the form of her plant subjects, while also expressing intense energy and emotion.
Another artist using vellum to depict the natural world in a unique and striking way is the sculptor Laura Youngson Coll. After graduating from her MA at the Royal College of Art, Laura spent several years working for a traditional bookbinders, mastering the craft of leatherwork and working with vellum, which she then began to apply to her own sculptural installations. Her hauntingly beautiful depictions of lichen, cells, and pathogens have been exhibited at the Victoria and Albert Museum, the National Centre for Craft and Design, and won the Perrier-Jouët Arts Salon Award in 2014.
Tempted to try? Practical tips for working on vellum
Despite the challenges that vellum poses to artists, it undoubtedly offers a fascinating surface and strong visual impact. Here are a few practical tips for working on vellum: Kodak preps 8 4 0 build 182 full.
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- Vellum is very responsive to water, and tends to buckle. Mask your sheet to a board before you begin working, or buy a sheet that has been professionally mounted on board.
- Ensure that your hands and forearms are completely clean and free of any oil or hand cream before you begin working, as this can transfer to the vellum surface and prevent paint from adhering to it.
- Watercolour does not behave in the same way on vellum as it does on paper, and colours can appear far more vibrant on it. Use a separate piece of vellum for colour studies before beginning your painting.
- Enjoy experimenting, and take comfort in the fact that mistakes can often be erased, either by lifting an entire area of watercolour off with a brush and water, or on some kinds of vellum by scraping back the surface with a ‘pounce pad’.
Where to buy vellum?
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Once produced by over 50 companies, the UK now has only one remaining parchment maker, William Cowley, which continues to make vellum by hand from ethically sourced calfskin. Artists can purchase vellum directly from Cowley’s, or via many local art suppliers.
Further reading: